Completion
Complete each statement.
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1.
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Asian elephants are found in India, Cambodia,
Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos; this information describes the ___________ of the Asian elephant
population.
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2.
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Emigration can cause a population to
____________________ in size.
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3.
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When an individual moves into one population from a
different population, it is called ____________________.
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4.
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Under ideal conditions with unlimited resources, a
population will grow ____________________.
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5.
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Zero population growth is a characteristic of
____________________ population growth.
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6.
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A population of bacteria with a limited supply of
nutrients will eventually show growth typical of the ____________________ model.
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7.
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If an entire wolf population dies, the moose
population on which it preys will grow to the environment’s ____________________.
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8.
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Competition, predation, parasitism, and
____________________ are density-dependent limiting factors.
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9.
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Density-dependent ____________________ factors in
natural populations help keep them from increasing indefinitely.
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10.
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The rise-and-fall cycle of a predator-prey
relationship is a density-____________________ relationship.
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11.
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A diagram that illustrates how many people of
different ages and gender are presently living in a country is called a(an)
______________________________.
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12.
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The change in growth rate that results from the
change in birthrates and death rates is known as a ______________________________.
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13.
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During early human history, the growth rate was low
because the birthrate was high and the death rate was ____________________.
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14.
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Social and ____________________ factors explain why
some countries have high growth rates, whereas other countries grow slowly or not at
all.
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15.
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The exponential growth rate of some countries
indicates that these countries have not yet fully ____________________ socially and
economically.
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Short Answer
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16.
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What are four main characteristics of a
population?
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17.
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How does emigration affect population size, all
other factors being equal?
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18.
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If a population of pine trees is 25 trees in 5
square kilometers and another population is 25 trees in 2 square kilometers, which population has the
higher density? Why?
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19.
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Why must wildlife biologists consider immigration
and emigration when studying certain animals?
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20.
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Compare and contrast the graph of exponential
growth to the graph of logistic growth.
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21.
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Describe the period of growth on a logistic growth
curve just before carrying capacity is reached.
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22.
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What is a limiting factor? Give two or three
examples.
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23.
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What is a density-independent limiting factor? Give
two or three examples.
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24.
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What are some factors that keep a population from
growing further once it reaches the carrying capacity of its environment?
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25.
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Why did the human population begin growing
exponentially about 500 years ago?
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26.
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What kept the human growth rate low before the
Industrial Revolution?
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27.
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How can a demographer, or scientist who studies
demography, predict how a population will change in the future?
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28.
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What are some of the factors that economists
believe will overcome the negative impacts of the growth of the human population?
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29.
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How does population growth in the United States
compare with that in China and India?
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30.
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What evidence is there that Japan has completed the
demographic transition?
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Other
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USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Population Statistics in the
United States From 1900 to 1990 | | | 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | | Live births per thousand | 32.3 | 30.1 | 27.7 | 21.3 | 19.4 | 24.1 | 23.7 | 18.4 | 15.9 | 15.6 | | Deaths per thousand | 17.1 | 14.7 | 13.0 | 11.3 | 10.8 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 8.8 | 8.7 | | Number of births over deaths | 15.2 | 15.4 | 14.7 | 10.0 | 8.6 | 14.5 | 14.2 | 8.9 | 7.1 | 6.9 | | Life expectancy at birth (yrs) | 47.3 | 50.0 | 54.1 | 59.7 | 62.9 | 68.2 | 69.7 | 70.8 | 73.7 | 74.8 | Increase in longevity
since 1900 (yrs) | | 2.7 | 6.8 | 12.4 | 15.6 | 20.9 | 22.4 | 23.5 | 26.4 | 27.5 | | | | | | | | | | | |
Figure
5–1
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31.
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Using Tables and Graphs According to Figure
5–1, which year had the highest number of live births per thousand of population?
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32.
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Analyzing Data In Figure 5–1, what is
unique about the number of deaths per thousand in 1960 and 1970?
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33.
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Interpreting Graphics In which year was the
number of births over deaths at its lowest point, according to Figure 5–1?
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USING SCIENCE SKILLS
Graph I shows the
growth curve for a culture of Paramecium aurelia. Graph II shows the growth curve for a
culture of Paramecium caudatum, a larger species. Graph III shows the growth curves of
both species when they are grown together.
Figure 5–2
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34.
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Interpreting Data According to Figure
5–2, which species has the greatest initial growth rate when they are grown in separate
cultures?
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35.
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Interpreting Graphics From Figure 5–2,
which species has the greater growth rate overall when the species are grown together? Describe the
growth curve of P. caudatum in Graph III.
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